Electrical heater element and method of making the same.



H. B. TAYLOR. ELECTRICAL HEATER ELEMENT AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME. APPLICATION FILED 0OT.13, 1909.

11,0755 1 7. Patented 00s. 14, 1913.

2 SHEETSSHEET 1.

WITNESSES i EVENTOR ATTORNEY H. B. TAYLOR. ELECTRICAL HEATER ELEMENT AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME.

APPLICATION FILED 0011.13, 1909.

Patented Oct. 14, 1913.

Z SHEETS-SHEET 2.

W ES:

HAROLD Be TLYIOR OF WILKINSBIIM, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOBZ TO WESTING- HOUSE ELECTBIC AND MANUFACTURING COMPAN'Y, A COBBOBATION OF BENIN-H SYLVANI-L.

annc'mmxn' HEA'TIERI ELEMENT no memenor' MAKING THE sum;

Specification, of Letters Fatent.

a glicauommaa October 13, 19092=- seriaamaaam Ta all wliom; itmay concern Be it known: that I Harem) B. TAYLOR,-

a citizen of the- United-States, and a resident of Wilkinsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State ofFennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Electrical Heater'Elbments-and Methods of Making the Same, of which the following i the device here illustrated comprises/a heater element 1, which. is bent into azig-zag Zform, illustrative of any suitable design,

is a specification.

My invention relates to electric resistance units and heatlng devices, and it' hasfor its object to provide an improved device of this class that shall be durable in constructionand eflicient in operation, and a simple andv I conductors through -the hollow handle 2' and are rej 'spectively connected to opposite ends of the effective method of manufacturing the same. Electrical devices for heating water and other fluids, and generating steam are usually so constructed that the resistance elements are operated at very high temperatures relative to those of the tubes or casing in which the elementsare inclosed. For this reason, if the devices are eeonomi 'cally constructed for operation when immersed in water or other liquid, it is usually impossible to operate them under the same electric circuit conditions in the air.

According to my present invention, I utilize a resistance element comprising a strip or ribbon, of steel or other suitable conduct ing material, which is first wrapped with insulating material and is then threaded into a metal tube or pipe. When the resistance and the insulation are in position within the tubeit is passed through a suitable rolling press or is flattened out by some other means until the insulation which surrounds the resistance element is subjected to relatively large forces in compression. The insulation itself is preferably formed of mica or similar material which is not injured by high temperatures. After the outer tube is finally flattened out, as above indicated, it

may be bent, as desired, into helix, spiral, zig-zag grid or other form.

While my improved structure is specially adapted for .water heater it is not restricted to such uses, and economical air heating devices or electrical resistance for rheostatic purposes may advantageously be constructed in the same'manner, the fact that the heat generated within is almost entirely conducted away through the envelop being of prime importance.

My invention is-illustrated in: the accom-- panying drawings, in which' Figure 1 isaperspective view of an electr o water heater for culinary purposes, and F1gs. 2, 3, Band 5 are sectional views, on a- Patented O'ct. I4, 1913; i

larger scale, of the handle structure shown in outline in Fig.1, and the heater element.

Referring to the Fig. 1 of the drawings,

and a handle 2, which is secured to the endsaofithe heatenelement. The supply circuit connections are established through' 3- and 4 that are threaded resistance strip or ribbon-5-which formspa-rt of the heater. I prefer to utilize a resistance ;Strip or ribbon: similar tothat. illustrated and: described in Patent #890,856, granted -J-une 16, 1908, to the Hadaway Electric Heating & Engineering 00., on an applica tion filed by Wm. S. Hadaway, J r., since this unit is relatively thin and flat. The form of the resistance is, however, not essen tial and, in some cases, it may be found desirable to utilize a wire spiral in lieu of the aforesaid strip.

The heater element 1 comprises a metallic tube or envelop 6 whichis first flattened into an elliptical section, the resistance ribbon or strip 5 and an insulating sheath therefor comprising two telescoping members 7 and 8. The insulated resistance is threaded into the flattened tube or envelop and, after the parts are in position, the envelop is so rolled or otherwise flattened out by very high pressure that the insulating material is compressed and the space occupied by the resist of con By of the fact that the resistan strip or ribb'bn'is threaded throughithetube s d et ane. fol e back 1 ee s o c si tthe outer ub m b ire gj toet ofthe-liquid; as illustrate in Fig; 1 01 the drawings, and the usual necessity for sealin e rb s d he terminalsof the heating device will,

mum thickness within saidsheath by the walls thereof -r z 2; A. resistance element comprising a heat conducting sheath having acontinuous -unbroken outer surface,--and an insulated highresistance conducting ribbon inclose'd-with: in said sheath and maintained at a mini-.

mum thickness by the walls thereof. h eat- 3. Aresistance element comprising a conducting sheathfhaving a continuousunbroken outer surface and an insulated hi 11- resistance conductingribbon having a p u of the tube isobiriated .vary; according to the .uses to.

rality of lateral slots cut alternately 'in opgoslte edges to. form a zii-zag current-conucting path therethroug and maintained under com ression at a minimum thiclmess within sai I sheath.

4. An electric heater comprisin 'a heatconducting'sheath, a resistance ri bon and telescoping insulating strips inclosing said ribbon, said stri s and ribbon being inclosed within sai sheath and mairitaineda-t a-minimum thickness by the walls thereof. 5. The method of forming an electrical heater element which consistsiin threading an insulated conductor through a metal tube and-then subjecting the assembled parts to high Pressure. 7

-6.- he method of forming an electrical heater element which consists in threading an insulated conductor through a metal tube and then applying suflicient pressure to said tiibe to reduce the same to a minimum thickf -In, testimony whereof, have hereunto subscribed my name this 4th day of October, 1909. J Y

' witnessesz Gceo. D. IPAISLEY, .B. B. Hnws.

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